20 essential things to see and do in Egypt

Visiting Egypt has long been a dream for many travelers, a country steeped in rich history, profound mystery, and breathtaking landscapes. With its iconic pyramids, ancient temples, and vibrant culture, Egypt is a treasure trove waiting to be explored. If you're planning your journey to this magnificent land, you might be wondering about the best things to see and do. Here are 20 must-visit sites and experiences that will make your trip unforgettable.

Exploring the Wonders of Egypt

From the mesmerizing deserts to the bustling streets of Cairo, Egypt offers a diverse array of attractions that cater to every type of traveler. Whether you're a history enthusiast eager to walk in the footsteps of the pharaohs or an adventure seeker looking for thrilling experiences, Egypt has something for everyone.

Let’s embark on a journey through this remarkable land and uncover the essential destinations that will leave you spellbound.

The Iconic Pyramids of Giza

The Pyramids of Giza are undoubtedly the crown jewels of Egypt. Here, you can witness the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the Pyramid of Khafre, and the Pyramid of Menkaure. No amount of photographs can prepare you for the overwhelming feeling of standing before these ancient structures. These colossal tombs, constructed over 4,500 years ago, embody the ingenuity and ambition of ancient Egyptian civilization.

Admission to the pyramid complex costs around 700 EGP, and while visiting on your own is possible, we strongly recommend joining a guided tour. Understanding the history and significance behind these wonders elevates the experience tremendously. Consider booking a tour that includes visits to nearby sites like Saqqara and Memphis.

Tip: As night falls, avoid the expensive sound and light show at the pyramids. Instead, enjoy dinner at El Hadaba restaurant, where you can catch the sunset views of the pyramids for free while savoring delicious local cuisine.

The Mysterious Sphinx

While at Giza, don't miss the famous Sphinx, a monumental statue with a lion's body and a human head, believed to represent Pharaoh Khafre. Standing in its shadow, take a moment to appreciate the enigmatic aura that surrounds this iconic creature. A fun photo opportunity awaits here—don’t forget to snap a selfie!

The Egyptian Museum in Cairo

Next, immerse yourself in the treasures of the Egyptian Museum of Cairo. This vast museum houses an extensive collection of artifacts, including the magnificent treasures of Tutankhamun and countless mummies. To fully appreciate the exhibits, consider hiring a guide or preparing a list of must-see pieces in advance, as the museum can be overwhelming.

Exciting news is on the horizon: soon, the Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM) will open, set to become the largest archaeological museum in the world. It promises to showcase the complete collection of Tutankhamun and a wealth of other artifacts.

The Vibrant City of Cairo

Take time to wander through the bustling streets of Cairo. This vibrant city is a blend of chaos and charm, with its lively markets, street vendors, and historic cafes. Start your explorations at Khan el-Khalili, one of the oldest bazaars in the Middle East, where you can sip tea and soak in the local atmosphere.

Don’t rush your visit; embrace the chaos, chat with locals, and sample traditional Egyptian dishes. The more you immerse yourself in the culture, the more you’ll appreciate this captivating city.

Saqqara: The Step Pyramid

Just a short drive from Giza lies Saqqara, home to the Step Pyramid of Djoser, the first pyramid ever built. This architectural marvel, designed by the genius Imhotep, laid the groundwork for future pyramids. While in Saqqara, also explore the Bent Pyramid and the Red Pyramid at Dahshur, which are less crowded yet equally impressive.

Additionally, take a moment to visit Memphis, the ancient capital of Egypt, which offers fascinating ruins and a museum housing a colossal statue of Ramses II.

A Unique Nile Cruise

One of the most unforgettable experiences in Egypt is a cruise on the Nile, typically running between Luxor and Aswan. While it may feel touristy, the opportunity to float on the river that nurtured ancient Egyptian civilization is unparalleled. During the cruise, you'll visit remarkable temples and enjoy breathtaking views of the river and surrounding landscapes.

The prices are often reasonable as most packages include meals and activities onboard. Don't miss this chance to relax and absorb the beauty of the Nile!

The Majestic Temple of Luxor

Once in Luxor, prepare to be awed by the Temple of Luxor, dedicated to the god Amun. This temple, a marvel of preservation, features magnificent statues and intricate carvings. The entrance, adorned with six colossal statues of Ramses II, sets the stage for what lies within: an awe-inspiring collection of columns and hieroglyphs that tell stories of the past.

Exploring Karnak Temple

Another highlight in Luxor is the Temple of Karnak, one of the largest religious complexes in the world. Its famed Hypostyle Hall, with over 130 massive columns, creates a stunning play of light and shadow, making it a photographer's paradise. Walking through this ancient site feels like traveling back in time, surrounded by the echoes of history.

The Valley of the Kings

Visiting the Valley of the Kings is an experience like no other. This burial ground of pharaohs is home to some of the most elaborately decorated tombs, including those of Ramses II and Tutankhamun. Your entry ticket allows you to explore three tombs, but for a small fee, you can visit the stunning tomb of Seti I, renowned for its intricate artwork.

Tip: Don't miss the opportunity to explore Ramses IX and Ramses IV tombs, both captivating in their own right.

Temple of Hatshepsut: A Royal Legacy

Make sure to visit the Temple of Hatshepsut, one of the few female pharaohs in Egypt. This architectural masterpiece is a testament to her reign and is intricately designed, blending seamlessly with the surrounding cliffs. Unfortunately, much of her legacy was erased after her death, but archaeological efforts have brought her story back to life.

Hot Air Balloon Rides Over Luxor

For a breathtaking view of the ancient landscape, take a hot air balloon ride over Luxor at sunrise. Floating above the temples and valleys, you’ll witness the stunning beauty of the Nile and the surrounding desert. It’s an exhilarating experience that adds a unique perspective to your Egyptian adventure.

Aswan and the Temple of Philae

At the southern end of the Nile lies Aswan, a serene city known for its beautiful landscapes. Don’t miss the Temple of Philae, dedicated to the goddess Isis. This stunning temple is located on an island, making it a picturesque spot for exploration. Nearby, you can also enjoy a traditional faluca ride, a type of sailboat that offers a unique way to see the river.

Abu Simbel: A Monumental Marvel

Make the effort to visit Abu Simbel, especially at dawn. The experience of standing before the colossal statues of Ramses II, carved into the mountainside, is nothing short of magical. These temples, moved stone by stone to avoid flooding caused by the Aswan Dam, showcase remarkable engineering and artistry.

The Temple of Edfu: A Glimpse into the Divine

The Temple of Edfu, dedicated to the Falcon God Horus, is one of the best-preserved temples in Egypt. Constructed between 237 and 57 BCE, it boasts towering columns and detailed hieroglyphs that narrate the myths of Horus and Seth. Prepare for a visual feast and perhaps a chance to dodge some local vendors!

Kom Ombo: The Dual Temple

Another fascinating site is the Temple of Kom Ombo, dedicated to both Sobek and Horus. This unique temple features two entrances and is laid out symmetrically, making it feel like a true twin structure. The temple's reliefs include depictions of ancient medical practices that reflect advanced knowledge for its time.

Sharm El Sheikh: A Coastal Paradise

After your historical explorations, unwind at Sharm El Sheikh on the Red Sea. Known for its vibrant underwater life, it's a top destination for diving and snorkeling enthusiasts. Swim among colorful fish and coral reefs, and take a moment to relax under the sun.

Sharm El Sheikh also offers cultural excursions, like visiting the stunning Al Sahaba Mosque, which beautifully blends traditional Islamic architecture with modern touches.

Hurghada: Another Gem on the Red Sea

Another excellent coastal destination is Hurghada. With its idyllic beaches and lively nightlife, it's perfect for both relaxation and adventure. Engage in snorkeling tours or take a trip to Giftun Island for a day of sun and sea.

Alexandria: A Historical Treasure

No trip to Egypt is complete without visiting Alexandria, founded by Alexander the Great. Although it's no longer the grand city it once was, it boasts significant historical sites like the modern Bibliotheca Alexandrina, the Citadel of Qaitbay, and the Catacombs of Kom el Shoqafa.

Stroll along the Corniche, where fresh seafood awaits at seaside restaurants, and immerse yourself in the rich history of this coastal city.

Indulging in Egyptian Cuisine

Your visit to Egypt would be incomplete without sampling the delicious Egyptian cuisine. Dive into local specialties like koshari, a mix of rice, lentils, and pasta, or enjoy a mezze platter filled with hummus and baba ganoush. Don’t forget to sip on traditional mint tea and try your hand at smoking shisha for a true local experience.

Discovering the White and Black Deserts

For a unique adventure, consider exploring the White and Black Deserts. Although it requires a bit of travel from Cairo, the surreal landscapes of chalk formations and dark volcanic rocks are worth it. Spend a night under the stars and witness breathtaking sunsets in a truly magical setting.

Other Enchanting Sites to Visit in Egypt

Beyond the famous attractions, Egypt is home to many hidden gems waiting to be discovered. If you have the time, consider visiting:

• Temple of Dendera: Dedicated to Hathor, this temple is remarkably well-preserved, adorned with stunning reliefs and vibrant colors.
• Oasis of Siwa: Known for its natural beauty and ancient ruins, this remote oasis offers a tranquil escape from the hustle and bustle.
• Valley of the Queens: Less famous but equally captivating, this valley houses the tombs of many queens, including the beautifully decorated tomb of Nefertari.
• Medinet Habu: Built by Ramses III, this temple features incredibly intact reliefs and a massive structure that showcases the grandeur of ancient Egyptian architecture.

A Comprehensive Map of Egypt's Attractions

To make the most of your Egyptian adventure, refer to a map of key sites to ensure you don’t miss any must-see locations. Navigating your route will help you explore temples, deserts, and vibrant cities with ease.

Egypt truly has it all—ancient history, stunning landscapes, and a rich cultural tapestry. Once you've tasted its wonders, you may find yourself planning a return trip. Whether you are visiting for the first time or the third, every journey unveils new experiences and delights. Are you ready to embark on this incredible adventure?

Lastly, remember to stay connected during your travels. Consider using a Revolut card or an N26 card to avoid foreign transaction fees and ensure a seamless payment experience throughout your journey.

With this guide in hand, you’re all set to explore the timeless wonders of Egypt. Dive into history, embrace adventure, and create memories that will last a lifetime.

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